{"id":3042,"date":"2026-01-26T09:49:59","date_gmt":"2026-01-26T06:49:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/csnotes.ru\/?p=3042"},"modified":"2026-01-26T09:49:59","modified_gmt":"2026-01-26T06:49:59","slug":"%d1%84%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%ba%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%b8-%d0%b2-python-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b7%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%ba%d0%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/?p=3042","title":{"rendered":"\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 Python. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 1-2 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a. \u0412 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443\n\n\n# \u0417\u0410\u0414\u0410\u0427\u0410 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n# \u0418\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e max(nums), \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\nnums = &#91;\"12\", \"7\", \"30\", \"14\", \"3\"]\n\n\n# \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e int\ndef max_by_int_value(items):\n    biggest = items&#91;0]\n    for item in items&#91;1:]:\n        if int(item) > int(biggest):  # \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445\n            biggest = item\n    return biggest\n\n\nprint(max_by_int_value(nums))\n\n\n# \u0417\u0410\u0414\u0410\u0427\u0410 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n# \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044e \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0432 \u0442.\u0447. \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\n# max(integers) \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\nintegers = &#91;3, -2, 7, -1, -20]\n\n\n# \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044e\ndef max_by_abs(items):\n    biggest = items&#91;0]\n    for item in items&#91;1:]:\n        if abs(item) > abs(biggest):  # \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445\n            biggest = item\n    return biggest\n\n\nprint(max_by_abs(integers))\n\n\n# \u0417\u0410\u0414\u0410\u0427\u0410 3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n# \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f:\nstudent_joe = {'gpa': 3.7, 'major': 'physics', 'name': 'Joe Smith'}\nstudent_jane = {'gpa': 3.8, 'major': 'chemistry', 'name': 'Jane Jones'}\nstudent_zoe = {'gpa': 3.4, 'major': 'literature', 'name': 'Zoe Fox'}\nstudents = &#91;student_joe, student_jane, student_zoe]\n\n\n# \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043b (gpa)\n\n\ndef max_by_gpa(items):\n    biggest = items&#91;0]\n    for item in items&#91;1:]:\n        if item&#91;\"gpa\"] > biggest&#91;\"gpa\"]:  # \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445\n            biggest = item\n    return biggest\n\n\nprint(max_by_gpa(students))\nprint()\n\n\n# \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0411\u0423\u0415\u041c \u0418\u0417\u0411\u0410\u0412\u0418\u0422\u042c\u0421\u042f \u041e\u0422 \u041e\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0422\u0418\u041f\u041d\u042b\u0425 \u0424\u0423\u041d\u041a\u0426\u0418\u0419 ------------------------------\ndef max_by_key(items, key):\n    \"\"\"\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 key \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 int, abs \u0438 \u0442.\u0434.\n    \u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c key \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438\"\"\"\n    biggest = items&#91;0]\n    for item in items&#91;1:]:\n        if key(item) > key(biggest):\n            biggest = item\n    return biggest\n\n\nprint(max_by_key(nums, int))\nprint(max_by_key(integers, abs))\n\n\n# \u0410 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438?\n# \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0418 \u041f\u0415\u0420\u0415\u0414\u0410\u0422\u042c \u0415\u0415 \u0412 KEY\ndef get_gpa(who):\n    return who&#91;\"gpa\"]  # \u0418\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443 gpa\n\n\nprint(max_by_key(students, get_gpa))\nprint(max_by_key(students, lambda x: x&#91;\"gpa\"]))  # \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 get_gpa.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 1-2 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a. \u0412 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[129,162],"class_list":["post-3042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python","tag-129","tag---python"],"views":64,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3042"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3042\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3044,"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3042\/revisions\/3044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csnotes.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}